What merchants need to know about new credit card surcharge rules
10 Aug 2016
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) has made it official – there is now an enforceable standard for credit card surcharges under the government’s new laws.
What is a credit card surcharge?
A credit card surcharge is an extra charge that consumers pay on top of the price of goods of services. This surcharge applies when they choose to pay with a credit card such as Visa or MasterCard. This covers the cost of processing the card payment for the merchant.
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What surcharge is allowed? What is excessive surcharging?
The Competition and Consumer Amendment (Payment Surcharges) Act 2016 bans “excessive” credit card surcharges. Credit card surcharges are supposed to represent the cost to the merchant of accepting payment by credit card. The new laws declare it is excessive when a merchant charges the customer any more than the cost of the transaction, determined according to the RBA standards.
The RBA hasn’t set an amount for the permitted surcharge amount, but they have defined which costs will be allowed to be included in the allowable surcharge. The actual cost of a transaction does not include the costs of accepting card payments in general (e.g. costs involved in the risk of fraud, or IT infrastructure).
Therefore surcharges for credit cards will need to be levied as a percentage charge on each transaction. This means no more fixed-fee surcharging, unless the fixed amount is lower than the cost of acceptance.
Essentially, the providers of merchant payment facilities (financial institutions) will need to let merchants (business owners) know what their average cost of accepting cards is – and this will be the amount that business owners can pass on to consumers.
So the lowering of interchange fees should have a flow on effect to the costs to business owners – and therefore the costs to consumers.
The RBA Payments System Board will regularly set and reassess the standards for permitted surcharges. As of May 2016, the RBA has said that as a guide, “excessive” is defined as meaning anything more than the permitted surcharge, which is the business’s cost of acceptance. The benchmarks for the interchange standards – which will lower the cost of acceptance – are as outlined in their May 2016 media release:
- Weighted-average benchmark for credit cards: 0.50%
- Benchmark for debit cards: Reduced from 12 cents to 8 cents
The RBA has said that as a guide, the cost of accepting debit card payments through the eftpos system is usually quite low, and accepting a Visa or MasterCard debit transaction may cost a business around 0.5% of the transaction value.
The RBA said credit cards usually have a higher cost for businesses, but again typically only cost up to 1%-1.5% for Visa and MasterCard, and 2%-3% for American Express cards.
The new framework also sees American Express companion cards brought under the same regulations as that of Visa and MasterCard, but the RBA has decided the benchmarks will not apply to foreign-issued cards.
These standards will be enforced by the the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) starting this year, to give merchants time to adjust their surcharges:
- Large businesses must comply this year, by 1 September 2016
- Small businesses must comply this year or next year, by 1 September 2017
The good news for small business is that ceilings will apply to individual interchange rates, to reduce the smaller merchant’s cost of accepting credit card and debit card payments.
“Consumers are entitled to a fair deal. The Turnbull Government is committed to improving Australia’s payments system to achieve a more efficient system and fairer outcomes for consumers and business.” – Federal Treasurer Scott Morrison, 3 December 2015.
Can consumers report a business for excessive surcharges?
Consumers are being urged to “Dob in the Wrongdoer” to the ACCC, keeping in mind that the ban has already commenced for large retailers but doesn’t start until September 2017 for all other merchants (large retailers are defined as either having gross revenue of more than $25 million, the value of its assets is more than $12.5 million, or it employs more than 50 people). Consumers can dob in a wrongdoer online.
Penalties for excessive surcharging
The new legislation gives the ACCC the power to punish excessive surcharging, as well as:
- Gather information from all involved in the payments process
- Issue infringement notices against merchants with excessive surcharges
- Charge penalties:
- For listed corporation: 600 penalty units (amounting to $108,000 at the time of writing) per breach
- For body corporate: 60 penalty units ($10,800) per breach
- For person other than a body corporate: 12 penalty units ($2,160) per breach
- Charge pecuniary penalties (civil fines) if court action is required:
- For body corporate: 6,471 penalty units ($1,164,780)
- For person other than a body corporate: 1,295 penalty units ($233,100)
- Seek an injunction to stop the business from trading
- Seek non-punitive court orders, such as community service or probation
For small businesses that are sole traders, such as tradies, market stall vendors or professional freelancers, the penalty units applied could be felt quite heavily for those business, especially if the matter went to court.
Any individual consumer who suffers loss or damage due to excessive credit card surcharging can also sue the merchant seeking compensation (damages).
These penalties make the new legislation more than just a list of “best practices” for merchants; rather, it could be considered a powerful tool for positive change in the commerce industry.
In preparation for the new changes, it could be a good idea to check your business is ready and compare your options for business transaction accounts.
The table below features a snapshot of business transaction accounts available on the Canstar database with links direct to the providers’ websites. Please note this table has been generated based on a business that transacts electronically. It is sorted by Star Rating (highest to lowest), then by provider name (alphabetically). Check upfront with your provider to confirm the details for any particular transaction account, and whether it suits your needs, before deciding to commit to it.
